Cellular metabolism – Metabolic path ways – Thermodynamics – Free energy – Introduction to enzymes Overview: the energy
Chapter 5 : Microbial genetics and evolution
Microbiology is the study of single celled creatures or organisms. They are divided in ,Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes Eukaryotes : Fungi ,Protozoa Prokaryotes : Bacteria,Archie Because bacteria are most diverse collection of organisms, it is very hard to say something universally about bacteria.
Chapter 4 : Mendelian genetics
Mendel crossed purple flowers (peas) with white flowers (peas) and he got purple flowers for all of the first generation. Now we should know that the first cross in any genetic cross is called the P cross or the parental
Chapter 3: eukaryote cell division
Cell division is incredibly tightly regulated (cancer is described as an unregulated cell growth).In respect tothe cell division,there is a machinery that is a transitory state and this machinery is renewed every cell cycle. Key components of this machinery are:
Chapter 2:the structure of biological membranes
The plasma membrane:Is the boundary that separates, the living cell, from its surrounding and exhibits selective permeability, allowing some substances to cross it more easily than others. Cellular membranes are fluid mosaics of lipids and proteins – Phospholipids are the
Chapter 1: the fundamental units of life
All organisms are made of cells – The cell is the simplest collection of matter that can live (reproduce) – Cell structure is correlated with cellular function. – All cells are related by their descent from earlier cells. Viruses are
Chapter 10 : Atomic theory and nuclear reactions
Atomic theory At the end of the XIX, it was known that the elements were made of one atom, unbreakable and different for each element. The masses of the atoms were known for several elements but their composition was still
Chapter 9: Reactions in organic chemistry: Nucleophilic reactions
We will now discuss the types of reactions that can be performed on organic compounds. In this first year lessons, we will only focus on one of the most used reactions: the nucleophilic substitution (SN). A substitution reaction is indeed the base of
Chapter 8: Functional groups
Other than alkanes, alkenes, alkynes and halogenoalkanes, there is a large number of functional groups that can be found in organic chemistry. In this first year, we will only take a look on the richness of possibilities that organic chemistry
Chapter 7: cycloalkanes
Cycloalkanes A cycloalkane is, as it name shows, a cyclic alkane chain. Each carbon of the chain is bound to (at least) two carbons and two hydrogen’s. The general formula is thus CnH2n and the name of the compound is the same name as